| Japan | Western Eurasia | Eastern Eurasia |
| Paleolithic period ~ 14000 BC | Last Glacial Period | 120000~180000 BP: based on fossils of Homo sapiens |
| Jōmon period 14000 BC ～ ~3rd-5th century AD | ~10000 BC: Wurm Ice Age c.4000 BC ~c.1000 BC :dolmen, stone circle, alignement c.3000 BC~：Egyptian civilization, Aegean civilization, Sumerian- Akkadian Empire c.1900 BC~: Hittite, Assyria | 7000 BC~: Yellow River civilization, Yangtze civilization c.2070 BC~c.1600 BC : Xia dynasty c.1600BC~c.1046BC :Yin( Shang) dynasty |
| Yayoi period c.10th century BC～ Mid-3rd century AD | c.800 BC~: Ancient Greece c.753 BC~: Ancient Rome 499 BC~449 BC: Greco-Persian Wars 356 BC~323 BC: Alexander the Great 27 BC~: Roman Empire 226 AD~: Sassanid Empire | c.1046BC~c.256BC : Zhou dynasty 202 BC~9 AD, 25~220AD : Han dynasty 265-420 AD : Jin dynasty |
| Kofun period c.350 AD～ c.700 | 375 AD : Visigoth migration into the Roman Empire 481~840 : Kingdom of the Franks | |
| Asuka period 592 AD – 710 AD | c.540~604 : Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I) 568 : Kingdom of the Lombards | 581 AD~681 AD : Sui dynasty 618~907 : Tang dynasty |
| Nara period 710 – 794 | 732 : Battle of Tours (Part of the Umayyad invasion of Gaul) | |
| Heian period 794 – 1185 | 927 : Kingdom of England 962~: Holy Roman Empire 987 : Kingdom of France 1025 : Kingdom of Poland 1096 : Crusade commences | 960~1279 : Song dynasty |
